Promene na plućima

Enzootska pneumonija goveda obično počinje kao akutna respiratorna infekcija uzrokovana virusima (parainfluenca 3 virusom, herpes virusom BHV1, BRSV-om, adenovirusima, reovirusima itd). Pored ovih uzročnika smatra se da primarni uzročnici enzootske pneumonije mogu biti Mycoplasma dispar, Mycoplasma bovis, Mycoplasma bovirhinus, M.bovigenitalium, Ureaplasma diversum i Chlamydophila. Ove mikoplazme se mogu naći kao normalni stanovnici gornjih disajnih puteva, osim M.bovis. Kod enzootske pneumonije goveda mikoplazme su retko jedini uzročnici oboljenja. Nakon infekcije bilo kojim od ovih uzročnika, nastaju oportunističke infekcije bakterijama kao što su Pasteurella multocida, Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Histophilus somni, Mannheimia haemolitica i E.coli koje uzrokuju gnojnu bronhopneumoniju kao najozbiljniji stadijum enzootske pneumonije. U nastanku infekcije značajnu ulogu imaju spoljašnji faktori i otpornost organizma.
Kod čiste infekcije mikoplazmama simptomi bolesti su kašalj, neznatna tahipneja, blaga groznica i depresija, a apetit je očuvan za razliku od virusnih oboljenja. Klinički je blaga bolest ali se ponekad na farmama može doći do uginuća Mikoplazme uzrokuju bronhiolitis, bronho-alveolarne nekroze i hroničnu bronhointersticijalnu pneumoniju. Za razliku od virusnih infekcija pluća, mikoplazme uzrokuju lezije koje imaju tendenciju prelaska u hronični stadijum sa izrozitom peribronhijalnom limfoidnom hiperplazijom (“cuffing “ pneumonija). Nakon mikoplazmatske infekcije pluća dolazi do razvoja oportunističkih infekcija pa nastaje gnojna bronhopneumonija. Na patomorfološkom nalazu promene su najčešće na kranioventralnim delovima pluća.

 

Piše: dr vet. med Miroslav Radić

 

Literatura:

 

1. Trumić P., Zaraze domaćih životinja, II specijalni deo, Beograd 1962.

2. M. Donald Mc Gavin., James F. Zachary., Grabarević Ž., specijalna veterinarska patologija, prema četvrtom američkom izdanju, Varaždin, 2008.

3. Miljković V., Veselinović S., Porodiljstvo, sterilitet i veštačko osemenjavanje domaćih životinja, Univerzitet u Beogradu, Fakultet veterinarske medicine, Beograd 2005.

4. Šamac H.A., bolesti svinja, drugo dopunjeno i izmenjeno izdanje, Beograd 2001.god

5. prof. dr. sc. Branka Šeol, Bakterijske bolesti, Skripta, Zagreb 2004. http://www.vef.hr/org/mbio/specskripta.pdf

 

Izvori sa interneta :

 

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